{"id":18613,"date":"2025-10-15T10:53:00","date_gmt":"2025-10-15T10:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=18613"},"modified":"2026-01-08T13:41:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T13:41:13","slug":"kapari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/kapari\/","title":{"rendered":"Kapari"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kapari, k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde oldu\u011fu kadar i\u00e7 kesimlerde de, neredeyse t\u00fcm Akdeniz \u00fclkelerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilen, g\u00fczel ve kendili\u011finden yeti\u015fen bir bitkidir. Nadasa b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f arazilerde, kayal\u0131k yar\u0131klarda, harabelerde ve eski duvarlar\u0131n \u00e7atlaklar\u0131nda yeti\u015fir. Bitkinin tomurcu\u011fu ile meyvesi, salamura ve sirke i\u00e7inde muhafaza edilen ve kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc yo\u011fun bir tada sahip bir yiyecek olu\u015fturur. Kapari tohumlar\u0131, Yunanistan\u2019daki Evros iline ba\u011fl\u0131 Makri gibi arkeolojik alanlarda bulunmu\u015ftur ancak bunlar bitkiye ait ender kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan buluntular olup, zengin yo\u011funla\u015fmalar \u015feklinde de\u011fildir. Bu durum beklenir bir sonu\u00e7tur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bitkinin yenilebilir k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 olan tomurcuklar\u0131, meyveleri ve yapraklar\u0131 arkeolojik tortularda korunmas\u0131 son derece zor unsurlard\u0131r. Antik Yunan\u2019da bu bitkinin kullan\u0131m\u0131na dair bilgilerimiz, antik metinlerdeki \u00e7ok say\u0131daki at\u0131f sayesinde olduk\u00e7a zengin ve ilgi \u00e7ekicidir. Kapariye yap\u0131lan en eski at\u0131f, M\u00d65. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait olmak \u00fczere Hipokrates\u2019in eserlerinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Hipokrates, hem k\u00f6k kabu\u011funu hem meyvesini, di\u011fer bile\u015fenlerle birlikte kullan\u0131lan t\u0131bbi preparatlarda anar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Hipokratik metinlerde kapari, \u00e7e\u015fitli re\u00e7etelerde yer al\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin kapari meyvesi; bal, sirke, biber, nitron ve su ile birlikte kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u0131l\u0131k bir balgam s\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7ecek olarak tavsiye edilir (<em>Peri Nouson<\/em> &#8211; Hastal\u0131klar \u00dczerine). Kaparinin taze yapraklar\u0131n\u0131n ezilerek ya da k\u00f6k kabu\u011funun koyu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015farap i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, lapa\/kataplasma olarak \u00f6nerilir (Peri Syringon). Ps\u00f6do-Hipokratik metinlerden <em>Peri Diaforon kai Pantoi\u014dn Troph\u014dn pros Ptolemaion<\/em>\u2019da kapari; mideyi rahatlat\u0131c\u0131, sindirime yard\u0131mc\u0131 (<em>eustomachos<\/em>) bir besin olarak an\u0131l\u0131rken ayn\u0131 zamanda karaci\u011feri ve dala\u011f\u0131 temizleyen bir g\u0131da olarak da tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Kaparinin tedavi edici \u00f6zelliklerine Dioskorides (MS1. y\u00fczy\u0131l) de de\u011finir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theophrastos (M\u00d63.-4.y\u00fczy\u0131l) kapariyi otsu bitkiler aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131r ve onun \u201ctar\u0131m\u0131 kabul etmedi\u011fini\u201d (<em>ouk prosdechetai ge\u014drgian<\/em>) vurgular; yani bir bak\u0131ma yabani bir bitki oldu\u011funu belirtir (<em>Peri Phyt\u014dn Historias<\/em> ve <em>Peri Phyt\u014dn Aiti\u014dn<\/em>). Ayn\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, Ge\u00e7 Antik \u00c7a\u011f\u2019a ait Ps\u00f6do-Aristoteles\u00e7i <em>Problemata<\/em> adl\u0131 eserde de g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Antik metinler, insan ile do\u011fa aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 etkile\u015fimin canl\u0131 bir tablosunu sunar; bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, kimi zaman kendili\u011finden yeti\u015fen bitkilerin insan\u0131n onlar\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre alma arzusuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaparinin tad\u0131na gelince, Theophrastos onu \u201cdrimeia\u201d, yani son derece keskin ve belirgin bir tada sahip olarak nitelendirir (<em>Peri Phyt\u014dn Aiti\u014dn<\/em>). Antik Yunan yazarlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kapar, son derece sevilen ve yayg\u0131n bir yiyecekti; bu nedenle komik \u015fairlerin eserlerinde ve g\u0131da listelerinde s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. \u00d6rne\u011fin Alexis (M\u00d63.-4.y\u00fczy\u0131l), Antiphanes (M\u00d64. y\u00fczy\u0131l) ve Philemon\u2019un (M\u00d63.-4.y\u00fczy\u0131l) fragmanlar\u0131nda kapar; sar\u0131msak, so\u011fan ve peynirle birlikte ya da sirke, kekik, kimyon, zeytin veya ku\u015fkonmaz, bal\u0131k gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli yiyeceklerle an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle, tsipouro veya uzo\u2019ya e\u015flik eden bir meze ya da pi\u015fmi\u015f favan\u0131n yan\u0131nda sunulan bir tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kapari, yo\u011fun ve canl\u0131 tad\u0131yla basit malzemeleri se\u00e7kin yemeklere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeye g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de devam etmektedir. \u0130ster Ege adalar\u0131n\u0131n \u201cpantremeni fava\u201ds\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi domatesle pi\u015firilmi\u015f olsun, ister biraz taze so\u011fanla favan\u0131n yan\u0131nda servis edilsin kapari, yeme\u011fe karakteristik bir keskinlik kazand\u0131r\u0131r. Yunan topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kadim bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olan kapari, k\u00f6kleri tarih \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemlere uzanan, yabani do\u011fas\u0131yla asi, tad\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir bitki olarak y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca Ege ve Akdeniz mutfaklar\u0131nda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/481_\u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b7_\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1-1-5-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18614\" srcset=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/481_\u039a\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b7_\u0395\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1-1-5-1024x768.jpg 1024w, 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de,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15198,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5289,763],"tags":[5369,1739],"class_list":["post-18613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antik-tatlar","category-istoria-tr","tag-tarihsel-referanslar","tag-ellada-tr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kapari - Tersine Tar\u0131m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/kapari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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