{"id":16918,"date":"2025-12-08T11:05:53","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T11:05:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=16918"},"modified":"2026-01-07T11:16:51","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T11:16:51","slug":"safran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/safran\/","title":{"rendered":"Safran"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her ne kadar safran\u0131n arkeolojik katmanlarda korunmas\u0131 \u00e7ok zor olsa da, Santorini\u2019deki Akrotiri yerle\u015fiminden elde edilen etkileyici buluntular, safran\u0131n kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan daha M.\u00f6. 2. biny\u0131lda topland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Safran Toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 <\/em>adl\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc bir fresk, kayal\u0131k bir arazide safran toplayan iki kad\u0131n\u0131 tasvir eder. Bu fresk, M.\u00f6. 1600 civar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tahmin edilen Santorini yanarda\u011f\u0131n\u0131n patlamas\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan k\u00fcl tabakas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan tahrip edilen bir yap\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. Safran, Girit\u2019te Knossos\u2019ta bulunan ve Miken d\u00f6nemi (yakla\u015f\u0131k M.\u00f6. 1350\u20131200) Linear B yaz\u0131tlar\u0131nda da yer al\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131tlardan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, safran\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 saray taraf\u0131ndan denetleniyor ve gerekli miktarlar\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6steriliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n

Resim 1. Bat\u0131 Makedonya, Kozani b\u00f6lgesinden safran \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi stamenleri. Foto\u011fraf S.M.Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Antik Yunan metinlerinde safrana dair \u00e7ok say\u0131da referans bulunmaktad\u0131r. Hatta M.\u00f6. 8. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Homeros destanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan krokopeplos<\/em> (safran elbisesi) tamlamas\u0131, \u015fafa\u011f\u0131 parlak sar\u0131 renkli bir elbiseyle \u00f6rt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olarak tan\u0131mlayarak, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn sabah\u0131n erken saatlerinde b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc safran rengini olduk\u00e7a canl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde betimler. Homeros\u2019un Demeter\u2019e \u0130lahi\u2019<\/em>sindeyse, Persefoni\u2019nin Pl\u00fcton taraf\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada toplamakta oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok \u00e7i\u00e7ek aras\u0131nda safran da yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Antik Yunan yaz\u0131n\u0131ndaki bir\u00e7ok referanstan safran\u0131n giysiler i\u00e7in boya maddesi olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Athineos\u2019un Kipria Destanlar\u0131na (M.\u00f6. 8. y\u00fczy\u0131l) atfetti\u011fi bir al\u0131nt\u0131da, giysi ve boyama i\u015flerini Yunan Tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131 Haritler ve Horaeler\u2019in yap\u0131p boyad\u0131\u011f\u0131 elbiselerin renkleri aras\u0131nda safran rengi de bulunuyordu. M.\u00f6. 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ise Pindaros, safran renginin Herk\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn y\u00fcceli\u011fine uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 onun bebekken sarmaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kundaklar\u0131 krokoton sparganon<\/em> (safran renkli kundaklar) olarak tan\u0131mlar (Nemeoniki 1.38). Benzer \u015fekilde, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Eshilos, Persler<\/em> adl\u0131 eserinde koroya eski kral Darius\u2019un ayakkab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 krokovaptos<\/em> (safranla boyanm\u0131\u015f) olarak tan\u0131mlat\u0131r. Agamemnon\u2019da ise, Agamemnon \u0130figenia\u2019y\u0131 Artemis\u2019e kurban etmeye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrken, \u0130figenia safranla boyanm\u0131\u015f bir elbise giymektedir. Aristofanes\u2019in (M.\u00f6. 5. y\u00fczy\u0131l) komedilerinde safran bazen bir kad\u0131n\u0131n parf\u00fcm\u00fc olarak (\u00f6r. Nefeles 51), bazen de giysilerinin rengi olarak kad\u0131nlar\u0131n s\u00fcslenmesinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu d\u00f6nemde krokotos<\/em> kelimesi \u2018safranla boyanm\u0131\u015f giysi\u2019 anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r (\u00f6r. Lysistrata: krokotoforouse kai kekallopism\u00e9na <\/em>yani safranla boyanm\u0131\u015f giysi giyen ve s\u00fcslenmi\u015f kad\u0131nlar). Ayr\u0131ca, alayc\u0131 bir ruhla ve g\u00fcld\u00fcrme amac\u0131yla, safran rengi giysiler, erkeklerin kad\u0131n k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na girdi\u011fi sahnelerde simgesel bir \u00f6\u011fe haline gelir veya onlar\u0131n kad\u0131ns\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgular (\u00f6r. Thesmoforiazuses<\/em> 253, 941; Ecclesiazuses<\/em> 332; hatta Tanr\u0131 Dionysos i\u00e7in Kurba\u011falar\u2019<\/em>da 45\u201346).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Resim 2. Ezilip s\u0131cak suda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclen, Kozani safran \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi stamenleri. Bu y\u00f6ntem, safran\u0131n aromas\u0131 ve rengini, yemeklere aktarmak i\u00e7in mutfakta yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Foto\u011fraf S.M.Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Hipokrat (M.\u00f6. 5. Y\u00fczy\u0131l) metinlerinde ve Hipokratik corpus\u2019ta yer alan say\u0131s\u0131z referanstan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere safran\u0131n t\u0131bbi ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131m\u0131 da yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Bu kaynaklarda safran, bir\u00e7ok tarifte \u00e7e\u015fitli di\u011fer maddelerle birlikte ve \u00e7o\u011fu zaman da belirli oranlarda yer al\u0131yor. Safran, sonraki d\u00f6nem doktorlar\u0131n\u0131n eserlerinde de y\u00fczlerce kez ge\u00e7er; \u00f6rne\u011fin Dioskuridis (M.s. 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l), bir safran merhemi olan krokomagma<\/em>\u2019dan s\u00f6z eder. Ondan yakla\u015f\u0131k bir y\u00fczy\u0131l sonra ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan Galinos, krokomagma<\/em> terimini safran i\u00e7eren bir ila\u00e7 anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131r. Son olarak, M.s. 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Tralisli doktor Aleksandros\u2019un eserinde, ayva ve safrandan yap\u0131lan bir \u015furup anlam\u0131na gelen krokomelon<\/em> terimi ge\u00e7er. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Bat\u0131 Makedonya\u2019n\u0131n Kozani b\u00f6lgesinde d\u00fczenli olarak yeti\u015ftirilmekte olan safran MA olarak tescil edilmi\u015ftir. Kendili\u011finden yeti\u015fen yabani safran\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 ve mutfakta kullan\u0131m\u0131 ise bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 Kiklad Adalar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n geleneksel tariflerinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re eskiden, yabani safran Kimolos\u2019un y\u00fcksek kesimlerinden toplan\u0131yordu; yak\u0131n zamanlara kadarsa Santorini\u2019de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, ev tipi \u00f6l\u00e7ekte topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydedilmi\u015ftir. Kimolos\u2019ta, geleneksel Noel ekme\u011fi safranla aromaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in, kurutulmu\u015f safran \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi stamenleri iki\u2013\u00fc\u00e7 saat boyunca az miktarda suda tutulur. Benzer bir kullan\u0131m Anafi\u2019de Paskalya ekme\u011finin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Burada safran \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi stamenleri havanda d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcp s\u0131cak su i\u00e7inde eritildikten sonra hamura eklenir. Santorini\u2019de ise, M.\u00f6. 2. biny\u0131lda \u00fcnl\u00fc Safran Toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 freskini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz o yerde, bug\u00fcn safranla yap\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck peksimetler ve kserotigana tatl\u0131s\u0131 gibi tarifler kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Her ne kadar safran\u0131n arkeolojik katmanlarda korunmas\u0131 \u00e7ok…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5289,763],"tags":[5369,1739],"class_list":["post-16918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antik-tatlar","category-istoria-tr","tag-tarihsel-referanslar","tag-ellada-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nSafran - Tersine Tar\u0131m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/safran\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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