{"id":15381,"date":"2025-07-09T07:44:13","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T07:44:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=15381"},"modified":"2026-01-07T10:26:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:26:55","slug":"hashas-tohumlu-tatlilar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/hashas-tohumlu-tatlilar\/","title":{"rendered":"Ha\u015fha\u015f tohumlu tatl\u0131lar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong><em><strong>Soultana-Maria Valamoti<\/strong><\/em>,<em><strong> Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Susam yerine ha\u015fha\u015f tohumu i\u00e7eren bir helva veya tatl\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Yunanistan&#8217;\u0131nda garipsenir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ne \u00fclkenin \u015fehir mutfaklar\u0131nda ne de yerel mutfaklarla ilgili \u00e7ok say\u0131da ilgin\u00e7 kitapta bu malzemeye tatl\u0131larda rastlanmaz. Ancak, antik metinler ve arkeobotanik kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n var oldu\u011fu uzak ge\u00e7mi\u015fe bir yolculuk, ha\u015fha\u015f tohumunun antik Yunan mutfa\u011f\u0131nda, \u00f6zellikle de tatl\u0131larda \u00e7ok sevilen bir malzeme oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Afyon \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in yeti\u015ftirilen, gelincikgillerden olan bu t\u00fcr, Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n neolitik toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n temel mahsul\u00fcyd\u00fc. Ancak \u00f6zellikle de bu ha\u015fha\u015f tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n bolca bulunmu\u015f oldu\u011fu Kuzey Yunanistan&#8217;da,bug\u00fcne kadar yap\u0131lan arkeolojik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ortaya koydu\u011fu bulgulara g\u00f6re, M.\u00f6. 2. biny\u0131l civar\u0131nda, evlerde depolanan, sistematik olarak yeti\u015ftirilen bir t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<br><br>Gelincikgillerden ha\u015fha\u015fla ilgili en eski referans, Homeros&#8217;un \u0130lyada&#8217;s\u0131nda bir benzetmede ge\u00e7er. Bu kelimenin ekmekle olan ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131ysa M.\u00f6. 7. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Alkman\u2019\u0131n bir metinde <em>makonias<\/em> ekmekten bahsetmesiyle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Eski metinlerde ha\u015fha\u015f tohumu, ekmek yap\u0131m\u0131nda ve tatl\u0131larda kullan\u0131lan bir malzeme olarak ge\u00e7er. Dioskuridis (M.s. 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l) T\u0131bbi Malzemeler Hakk\u0131nda adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, bah\u00e7elerinde tohumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeti\u015ftirilen, beyaz renkli tohumlu bir \u00e7e\u015fit ha\u015fha\u015f bitkisinden bahseder. Bu tohum, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme i\u00e7in ekmekle pi\u015firilir veya susam yerine balla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ha\u015fha\u015f tohumuyla bal\u0131n birle\u015fiminden, Peloponnisos Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Sfaktiria&#8217;daki Sparta sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilen g\u0131dalar\u0131 anlatan Thukididis (M.\u00f6. 5. y\u00fczy\u0131l) taraf\u0131ndan da bahsedilmektedir. M.\u00f6. 4. ve 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l komedi eserleri \u015fairlerinin bir\u00e7ok al\u0131nt\u0131da da ha\u015fha\u015f tohumu ge\u00e7mektedir, \u00f6rne\u011fin Eufronos&#8217;un (M.\u00f6. 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l) bir al\u0131nt\u0131da, bir turpun \u00fczerine 12 ha\u015fha\u015f tohumu serpmekten bahsedilir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn ironisi bir yana, <strong><em>Sopatros&#8217;un <\/em><\/strong>(M.\u00f6. 4.-3. y\u00fczy\u0131l) bir metninde balla yap\u0131lan tatl\u0131<em> melipekton\u2019<\/em>un bile\u015fenleri aras\u0131nda da ha\u015fha\u015f tohumuna rastl\u0131yoruz. Hipokratik metinler (M.\u00f6. 5.-4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) ha\u015fha\u015f tohumunun besleyici ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirici \u00f6zelliklerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra tedavi edici \u00f6zelliklerine de de\u011finmektedir. Ha\u015fha\u015f tohumlar\u0131, Filon (M.\u00f6. 3.-2. y\u00fczy\u0131l) taraf\u0131ndan verilen bir tarifte de bile\u015fen olarak al\u0131nt\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Epimenidis&#8217;e ait ve bir\u00e7ok bile\u015fenden olu\u015fan bu tarif, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131yla bir t\u00fcr enerji bar\u0131d\u0131r !<br><br>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, ha\u015fha\u015f tohumuyla yap\u0131lan ekmekler, tatl\u0131lar veya susam yerine ha\u015fha\u015f tohumu kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zel bir helvay\u0131, Antik Yunanistan&#8217;\u0131n yemekleri olarak hayal edebiliriz. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ha\u015fha\u015f tohumuyla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f unlu mamulleri veya tatl\u0131lar\u0131 tatmak istersek, Avrupa&#8217;n\u0131n daha kuzey b\u00f6lgelerine, \u00f6rne\u011fin Litvanya, Ukrayna ve Orta Avrupa \u00fclkelerine gitmemiz gerekir. Ha\u015fha\u015f tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n yemeklerde kullan\u0131m\u0131, di\u011fer malzemeler ve tariflerde olanlar\u0131n aksine y\u00fczy\u0131llar ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e Yunanistan&#8217;da geleneksel olarak kaybolan bir uygulamad\u0131r.<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Susam yerine ha\u015fha\u015f tohumu i\u00e7eren bir helva veya&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":12275,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5289,763],"tags":[5369,1739],"class_list":["post-15381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antik-tatlar","category-istoria-tr","tag-tarihsel-referanslar","tag-ellada-tr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the 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