{"id":13290,"date":"2025-06-16T10:16:52","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T10:16:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/main\/?p=13290"},"modified":"2026-01-07T10:12:00","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T10:12:00","slug":"nohut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/nohut\/","title":{"rendered":"Nohut"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarih \u00f6ncesi, yemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ve Kuzeybat\u0131 Suriye’de bulunan en eski nohutlar 10.000 y\u0131ll\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak Yunanistan’da Neolitik ve Tun\u00e7 \u00c7a\u011f\u0131 yerle\u015fimlerinden \u00e7ok az say\u0131da yanm\u0131\u015f tohum kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 bulunmu\u015f oldu\u011fundan, nohut tarih \u00f6ncesi sakinlerin beslenmesinde temel bir g\u0131da maddesi olarak say\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Bu baklagilin tad\u0131n\u0131n iyi olmamas\u0131 veya b\u00f6lgede tar\u0131m\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonra uzun bir s\u00fcre G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Avrupa’n\u0131n yeni \u00e7evresel ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flayamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Nohut, tarihi \u00e7a\u011flarda arkeobotanik malzemelerde kendini g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Vergina Akropol\u00fc’nde (M.\u00f6. 2. – 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l) k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015f olarak bir\u00e7ok nohut tanesi bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tarih \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemde neredeyse hi\u00e7 bulunmayan nohut tohumlar\u0131n\u0131n aksine, tarihi \u00e7a\u011flarda nohuta, \u00e7ok erken d\u00f6nemlerden itibaren Antik Yunan metinlerinde erevinthos<\/em> ad\u0131yla \u00e7ok s\u0131k rastlan\u0131r. M.\u00f6. 8. y\u00fczy\u0131l gibi erken bir tarihte, Homeros destanlar\u0131nda, bir benzetmede baklayla birlikte an\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Nohuttan, \u2018alt\u0131n nohut\u2019 imgesini kullanan \u015fair Sapfo (M.\u00f6. 7.-6. y\u00fczy\u0131l) ve nohut yerken ate\u015fin yan\u0131nda tatl\u0131 \u015farap i\u00e7en birini betimleyen \u015fair-filozof Kesnofanis (M.\u00f6. 6.-5. y\u00fczy\u0131l) taraf\u0131ndan da bahsedilir. Antik komedyalarda nohuttan s\u0131k\u00e7a bahsedilmesi nohudun yayg\u0131n bir yiyecek oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Aristofanes’in Kad\u0131nlar Mecliste (M.\u00f6. 5.-4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) adl\u0131 eserinde nohut yoksullar\u0131n yiyece\u011fi oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Fenias’\u0131n (M.\u00f6. 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) bahsetti\u011fine g\u00f6re nohut hen\u00fcz ye\u015fil ve k\u00f6rpeyken \u015farab\u0131n yan\u0131nda at\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131k (tragima) olarak yenirdi. Olgunla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131ndaysa ha\u015flan\u0131r ya da kavrulurlard\u0131. \u015eair Archestratus\u2019un ise (M.\u00f6. 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) nohudu bir g\u0131da bile\u015feni olarak pek kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nohut idrar s\u00f6kt\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, m\u00fcshil ve besleyici olarak kabul edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in Hipokrat metinlerinde (M.\u00f6. 5. – 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar. Hatta baz\u0131 t\u0131bbi preparatlar i\u00e7in uygun malzeme olarak beyaz nohuttan bile bahsedilmektedir. Theofrastos’un (M.\u00f6. 4. – 3. y\u00fczy\u0131l) ifade etti\u011fine g\u00f6re, antik d\u00f6nemde yeti\u015ftirilen nohutlar\u0131n zengin bir \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fe sahip oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor: \u2018Ko\u00e7\u2019 denen b\u00fcy\u00fckleri, bur\u00e7ak boyunda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckleri ve orta boylar\u0131 da bulunur. Yine Theofrastos siyah ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 nohutlara k\u0131yasla en lezzetlisinin beyaz nohut oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek, antik d\u00f6nemde nohudun zengin \u00e7e\u015fitlilikte oldu\u011funu ve her \u00e7e\u015fidin farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Yunan mutfa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n favori yeme\u011fi olmaya devam eden nohut, baz\u0131 dini festivallerde (Sifnos, Amorgos Adalar\u0131) kat\u0131lan t\u00fcm hac\u0131lar\u0131n yemesi i\u00e7in kaynat\u0131lan festival yeme\u011fidir. Kavrulmu\u015f nohudun at\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131k olarak t\u00fcketilmesi gibi antik d\u00f6nem al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fcnl\u00fc leblebiyle devam ederken, k\u0131rsal kesimlerde nohut yeti\u015ftiricileri M.\u00f6. 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l gibi erken bir tarihte kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir yemek olan tatl\u0131 ve k\u00f6rpe nohut mezesini yaparlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resim 1. Vergina Akropolisi’nden k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015f nohut tohumu, M.\u00f6. 2.-1. y\u00fczy\u0131l. (Foto\u011fraf S.M. Valamoti, Valamoti, Fyntikoglou, Symponis 2022, Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual study, University Studio Press kitab\u0131ndan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resim 2. Leblebi, kavrulmu\u015f nohut. (Foto\u011fraf S.M. Valamoti, Valamoti, Fyntikoglou, Symponis 2022, Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual study, University Studio Press kitab\u0131ndan).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Tarih \u00f6ncesi, yemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ve Kuzeybat\u0131 Suriye’de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":11552,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5289,763],"tags":[3169,3168,1739],"class_list":["post-13290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antik-tatlar","category-istoria-tr","tag-gastronomi","tag-istoria-tr","tag-ellada-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nNohut - Tersine Tar\u0131m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/nohut\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta 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