{"id":13208,"date":"2025-06-16T09:14:46","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T09:14:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/main\/?p=13208"},"modified":"2025-12-23T09:06:08","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T09:06:08","slug":"bakla","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/bakla\/","title":{"rendered":"Bakla"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz baklas\u0131, alt s\u0131rada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tohumlu \u00e7e\u015fit (Foto\u011fraf S.M. Valamotis, Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual study, Valamoti, Fyntikoglou, Symponis 2022, University Studio Press kitab\u0131ndan)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, <em>Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bakla, ilk olarak Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu&#8217;da yeti\u015ftirilen, sonras\u0131nda da bat\u0131ya do\u011fru Akdeniz&#8217;in geri kalan\u0131na ve Avrupa&#8217;ya yay\u0131lan baklagiller familyas\u0131na aittir. Bununla birlikte, M.\u00f6. 7. biny\u0131ldan 4. biny\u0131la kadar baklan\u0131n Yunanistan&#8217;\u0131n Neolitik d\u00f6nem sakinlerinin beslenmesinde yer almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Sadece Bronz \u00c7a\u011f\u0131&#8217;nda Yunanistan&#8217;daki \u00e7e\u015fitli yerle\u015fim yerlerinde k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fmi\u015f olarak bulunan baklalar, yeti\u015ftirildiklerinin ve t\u00fcketildiklerinin kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Bu baklagilin ge\u00e7 benimsenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fildir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kanlar\u0131nda enzim bulunmayan ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan t\u00fcketilmeleri \u00f6l\u00fcme kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcrebilir. Thasos&#8217;taki Skala Sotiros (M.\u00f6. 3. biny\u0131l\u0131n sonu) gibi yerle\u015fimlerde ya da \u00e7ok daha sonralar\u0131 Helenistik D\u00f6neme ait Nekromantion\u2019da (Aheron) yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak buldu\u011fumuz baklalar, Yunanistan&#8217;\u0131n Kerkira gibi baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde, h\u00e2l\u00e2 yeti\u015ftirilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tohum \u00e7e\u015fidine aittir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Homeros (M.\u00f6. 8. y\u00fczy\u0131l) antik \u00e7a\u011fdaki ad\u0131 <em>kiamos<\/em> olan bakladan bahseder. Baklan\u0131n r\u00fczgarda sallanan hareketini sava\u015fta at\u0131lan bir okun hareketine benzetir. Bu benzetmede ve di\u011fer antik metin referanslar\u0131nda, antik \u00e7a\u011fdaki baklalar, muhtemelen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tohumlu \u00e7e\u015fidin bug\u00fcn h\u00e2l\u00e2 sahip oldu\u011fu koyu renk nedeniyle metinlerde siyah olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Daha sonra, \u00e7e\u015fitli antik metinlerde sadece yemek i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda se\u00e7imlerde say\u0131m yapma ve t\u0131bbi malzemeleri tartmada da kullan\u0131lan siyah ve beyaz baklalardan bahsedilir. Platon&#8217;un Politia\u2019s\u0131 (M.\u00f6. 5-4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) ve Aristofanes&#8217;in Atl\u0131lar\u0131\u2019\u0131 (M.\u00f6. 5-4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131 eserlerde g\u0131da maddesi olarak bakladan \u00e7ok s\u0131k bahsedilir. Ancak Hipokrat metinlerinde (M.\u00f6. 5-4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) antik \u00e7a\u011f hekimleri baklan\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu fazla gaza dikkat \u00e7ekerken, Dioskurides&#8217;in (M.s. 1. y\u00fczy\u0131l) eserinde Yunan baklas\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de k\u00f6rpe ve \u00e7i\u011f olarak yenildi\u011finde, t\u00fcketiminin neden oldu\u011fu k\u00f6t\u00fc r\u00fcyalara ve haz\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa at\u0131fta bulunuldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Arhestratos (M.\u00f6. 4. y\u00fczy\u0131l) baklan\u0131n yoksullar\u0131n yiyece\u011fi oldu\u011funu ifade eder. Antik metinlerde Aristofanes Limnos Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6rpe ve g\u00fczel baklalar\u0131na, Theofrastus da (M.\u00f6. 4.-3. y\u00fczy\u0131l) \u0130yonya k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Apollonia&#8217;n\u0131n hi\u00e7 kurtlanmayan baklalar\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18047\" srcset=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/413_Kouki-8-360x241.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Thasos Adas\u0131 Skala Sotiros\u2019tan M.\u00f6. 3. biny\u0131la ait baklalar. (Foto\u011fraf S. M. Valamoti. Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual study, Valamoti, Fyntikoglou, Symponis 2022, University Studio Press kitab\u0131ndan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz baklas\u0131, alt s\u0131rada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tohumlu \u00e7e\u015fit (Foto\u011fraf S.M. Valamotis, Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":14054,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5289,763],"tags":[3169,3168,1739],"class_list":["post-13208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antik-tatlar","category-istoria-tr","tag-gastronomi","tag-istoria-tr","tag-ellada-tr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bakla - Tersine Tar\u0131m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/tr\/bakla\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bakla - Tersine Tar\u0131m\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz baklas\u0131, alt s\u0131rada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tohumlu \u00e7e\u015fit (Foto\u011fraf S.M. 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