{"id":18502,"date":"2025-10-15T10:47:21","date_gmt":"2025-10-15T10:47:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=18502"},"modified":"2026-01-08T13:04:08","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T13:04:08","slug":"vildparon-gkortza","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/sv\/vildparon-gkortza\/","title":{"rendered":"Vildp\u00e4ron (gkortza)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bild 1. F\u00f6rkolnade hela vildp\u00e4ron fr\u00e5n den neolitiska bos\u00e4ttningen Dikili Tash, 4300 f.Kr. Av S.M. Valamoti 2023, Plant Foods of Greece, University of Alabama Press. Fotograf: S.M. Valamoti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vildp\u00e4rontr\u00e4d \u2013 gkortzies som de kallas p\u00e5 den grekiska landsbygden \u2013 \u00e4r ett \u00e5terkommande inslag i den grekiska naturen och v\u00e4xer i sn\u00e5r eller mitt p\u00e5 \u00e5krarna. Deras gener\u00f6sa skugga erbjuder svalka p\u00e5 sommaren och de doftande frukterna \u00e4r en riktig skatt i november. Arkeologiska rester av vildp\u00e4ron har uppt\u00e4ckts p\u00e5 f\u00f6rhistoriska platser \u00f6ver hela Grekland. Kanske mest framtr\u00e4dande bland dessa \u00e4r den neolitiska byn Dikili Tash, n\u00e4ra antika Filippoi, Kavala. Ett stort k\u00e4rl fyllt med vildp\u00e4ron uppt\u00e4cktes i ett hus som brann ner omkring 4300 f.Kr. De neolitiska inv\u00e5narna i detta hus hade lagrat frukten innan det brann ner, och gjorde att fyndet kunde bevaras i leran.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Vildp\u00e4rontr\u00e4d utanf\u00f6r byn Palaiokastro, Halkidiki, november 2024. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fotografi av S.M. Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Det tidigaste skriftliga vittnesb\u00f6rdet om vildp\u00e4rontr\u00e4d i antikens Grekland finns i Odyss\u00e9en<\/em> (700-talet f.Kr.), under termen \u03ac\u03c7\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/em>. Tr\u00e4den var ocks\u00e5 k\u00e4nda under namnet \u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2<\/em>. F\u00f6rfattaren Theofrastos fr\u00e5n 300-talet f.Kr. beskriver i sitt verk Peri fyton historia<\/em> tr\u00e4dets egenskaper. Han skiljer mellan l\u00e5glands- och h\u00f6glandsvarianter av vildp\u00e4ron och konstaterar att de f\u00f6rstn\u00e4mnda ger b\u00e4ttre frukt och virke. Sofokles (400-talet f.Kr.) beskriver det som ett imponerande tr\u00e4d, fullt av taggar, medan han i tragedin Oidipus i Kolonos<\/em> anv\u00e4nder det som ett landm\u00e4rke. I Odyss\u00e9en<\/em> beskrivs svinherden Eumaeus som anv\u00e4nder de taggiga grenarna fr\u00e5n vildp\u00e4rontr\u00e4det f\u00f6r att skapa en inh\u00e4gnad f\u00f6r sina grisar, medan Theokritos, som skrev p\u00e5 300-talet f.Kr., noterar att det ger utm\u00e4rkt ved. Aristofanes (400\u2013300-talen f.Kr.) n\u00e4mner frukten fr\u00e5n vildp\u00e4rontr\u00e4det i sitt verk Ecclesiazusae<\/em>, i ett sk\u00e4mt om f\u00f6rstoppning vid intag av f\u00f6r m\u00e5nga av dem. Referenser till vildp\u00e4ron efter Homeros \u00e4r ganska frekventa, s\u00e4rskilt i komisk poesi. Ut\u00f6ver Aristofanes referens finns det \u00e4ven en levande beskrivning av den \u00e4ldre huvudpersonen i Menanders komedi Dyskolos<\/em>, som n\u00e4r han f\u00e5r slut p\u00e5 stenar att kasta med sin slunga anv\u00e4nder vildp\u00e4ron ist\u00e4llet, n\u00e5got som visar p\u00e5 hur h\u00e5rd frukten \u00e4r. Enligt Theofrastos mognade vildp\u00e4ron p\u00e5 h\u00f6sten eller vintern och doftade mer \u00e4n odlade sorter. I ett fragment fr\u00e5n den komiske poeten Nicophon (400\u2013300-talen f.Kr.) n\u00e4mns det att de s\u00e5ldes av \u03b1\u03c7\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2<\/em>. P\u00e5 andra st\u00e4llen beskrivs deras egenskaper beroende p\u00e5 n\u00e4r de konsumeras: mogna vinterp\u00e4ron har laxerande egenskaper, medan omogna p\u00e4ron \u00e4r sammandragande, enligt Hippokrates verk Om kosten<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Vildp\u00e4ron som plockats fr\u00e5n ett vildp\u00e4rontr\u00e4d utanf\u00f6r byn Palaiokastro, Halkidiki, november 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fotografi av S.M. Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

I dag \u00e4r det ganska ovanligt att hitta vildp\u00e4ron till salu. Trots detta \u00e4r de k\u00e4nda i hela Grekland och m\u00e4nniskor i olika regioner av landet plockar och anv\u00e4nder dem. Till exempel \u00e4r regionen Grevena k\u00e4nd f\u00f6r att producera en typ av vildp\u00e4ronmelass, men receptet riskerar att f\u00f6rsvinna tillsammans med den sista generationen som l\u00e4rt sig och upplevt fruktens traditionella anv\u00e4ndningsomr\u00e5den.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bild 1. F\u00f6rkolnade hela vildp\u00e4ron fr\u00e5n den neolitiska bos\u00e4ttningen Dikili Tash, 4300 f.Kr. Av S.M. 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