{"id":16453,"date":"2025-12-01T08:42:04","date_gmt":"2025-12-01T08:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=16453"},"modified":"2026-01-07T11:30:33","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T11:30:33","slug":"haricots-cornille","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fr\/haricots-cornille\/","title":{"rendered":"Haricots cornille"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les premi\u00e8res communaut\u00e9s agricoles de Gr\u00e8ce cultivaient une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u00e9gumineuses, telles que la lentille, le pois, le pois d\u2019herbe et l\u2019ers, et, au fil du temps, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge du bronze (IV<sup>e<\/sup>\u2013II<sup>e<\/sup>&nbsp;mill\u00e9naire av.&nbsp;J.-C.), elles int\u00e9gr\u00e8rent \u00e9galement d\u2019autres esp\u00e8ces \u00e0 leur alimentation, comme la f\u00e8ve, diverses vari\u00e9t\u00e9s de pois d\u2019herbe et, plus rarement, le pois chiche. Avec le temps, durant l\u2019\u00e9poque historique (I<sup>er<\/sup> mill\u00e9naire av.&nbsp;J.-C.), le pois chiche devint particuli\u00e8rement appr\u00e9ci\u00e9, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la lentille, cultiv\u00e9e et consomm\u00e9e en Gr\u00e8ce depuis le VII<sup>e<\/sup>&nbsp;mill\u00e9naire av.&nbsp;J.-C., tandis que de nouvelles l\u00e9gumineuses firent leur apparition, comme le lupin et un haricot connu sous le nom de <em>dolichos<\/em> ou <em>phaselos<\/em>. Nous disposons d\u2019informations sur le lupin aussi bien dans les textes anciens que dans les vestiges arch\u00e9obotaniques. En revanche, le <em>dolichos<\/em> n\u2019est connu pour l\u2019instant qu\u2019\u00e0 travers les sources \u00e9crites, ce qui rend difficile l\u2019identification des routes ayant permis l\u2019introduction de cette l\u00e9gumineuse antique dans la r\u00e9gion \u00e9g\u00e9enne depuis ses zones de domestication suppos\u00e9es, \u00e0 savoir l\u2019Afrique et l\u2019Asie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/487_20250827_124308-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16445 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/487_20250827_124308-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/487_20250827_124308-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/487_20250827_124308-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/487_20250827_124308-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/487_20250827_124308-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Image 1. Haricots cornille secs, achet\u00e9s dans un supermarch\u00e9 \u00e0 Kalamata (importation). Photo&nbsp;: S.M. Valamoti, 2025.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019identit\u00e9 du <em>dolichos<\/em> est difficile \u00e0 \u00e9tablir \u00e0 partir des rares textes de l\u2019\u00e9poque classique o\u00f9 ce terme appara\u00eet. Les philologues consid\u00e8rent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le <em>dolichos<\/em> comme synonyme du <em>phaselos<\/em>. On retrouve des \u00e9l\u00e9ments descriptifs de la plante correspondant \u00e0 ce nom dans l\u2019\u0153uvre de Th\u00e9ophraste (<em>Recherches sur les plantes<\/em>, IV<sup>e<\/sup>\u2013III<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle av.&nbsp;J.-C.), o\u00f9 il pr\u00e9cise que la plante fructifie lorsque l\u2019on place de longues tiges de soutien. Il indique \u00e9galement que le <em>dolichos<\/em> diff\u00e8re des autres l\u00e9gumineuses connues de son \u00e9poque, telles que le pois chiche, l\u2019ers, la lentille, le pois d\u2019herbe, le pois, le pois d\u2019herbe cultiv\u00e9 et la f\u00e8ve. On en d\u00e9duit qu\u2019il s\u2019agit d\u2019une plante grimpante n\u00e9cessitant un support lorsqu\u2019elle est cultiv\u00e9e pour la production de graines. Le <em>dolichos<\/em> est mentionn\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans les textes hippocratiques (V<sup>e<\/sup>\u2013IV<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle av.&nbsp;J.-C.), o\u00f9 il est cit\u00e9 aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s du pois d\u2019herbe (<em>ochros<\/em>), ces deux esp\u00e8ces \u00e9tant d\u00e9crites comme plus nutritives et plus digestes que les f\u00e8ves et les pois. Parmi ses qualit\u00e9s alimentaires positives, Th\u00e9ophraste note \u00e9galement qu\u2019il provoque moins de flatulences que les autres l\u00e9gumineuses chez ceux qui en consomment. Enfin, le po\u00e8te comique Anaxandrid\u00e8s (IV<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle av.&nbsp;J.-C.) inclut le <em>dolichos<\/em> dans une liste de l\u00e9gumineuses, aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s de la f\u00e8ve, du pois d\u2019herbe et de l\u2019<em>ochros<\/em>. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9poque de Galien, le terme <em>dolichos<\/em> semble s\u2019identifier au <em>phaselos<\/em>, une l\u00e9gumineuse grimpante n\u00e9cessitant un support pour sa culture. Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences au <em>dolichos<\/em> dans les textes anciens sont tr\u00e8s peu nombreuses et sugg\u00e8rent que les graines de cette plante \u00e9taient cuisin\u00e9es de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que les autres l\u00e9gumineuses, pour la plupart d\u00e9j\u00e0 connues depuis l\u2019\u00e9poque n\u00e9olithique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aujourd\u2019hui, les haricots cornille sont disponibles sur le march\u00e9 sous forme de graines s\u00e8ches, bien qu\u2019ils soient le plus souvent import\u00e9s d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions du monde. Ils restent n\u00e9anmoins un ingr\u00e9dient tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 dans la cuisine traditionnelle grecque, pr\u00e9par\u00e9 de multiples fa\u00e7ons. Ainsi, dans la r\u00e9gion de Santa, dans le Pont, on trouve la recette du <em>mavromatosirv<\/em>, un plat \u00e0 base de haricots cornille et de bl\u00e9 concass\u00e9 (<em>korkoto<\/em>). Dans le P\u00e9loponn\u00e8se, les Cyclades et certaines \u00eeles ioniennes, on les cuisine avec des blettes ou d\u2019autres herbes sauvages (<em>myronolachana<\/em>). \u00c0 Limnos, on trouve une recette originale de <em>skordali\u00e1<\/em> (a\u00efoli) aux haricots cornille, qui illustre bien l\u2019ing\u00e9niosit\u00e9 de la cuisine traditionnelle grecque, capable d\u2019associer les ingr\u00e9dients locaux de multiples fa\u00e7ons savoureuses et inventives.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Les premi\u00e8res communaut\u00e9s agricoles de Gr\u00e8ce cultivaient une&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16445,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[759,5285],"tags":[1671,5365],"class_list":["post-16453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istoria-fr","category-saveurs-anciennes","tag-ellada-fr","tag-references-historiques"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Haricots cornille - Agriculture invers\u00e9e<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fr\/haricots-cornille\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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