{"id":14188,"date":"2025-07-23T15:02:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T15:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=14188"},"modified":"2025-12-22T19:52:14","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T19:52:14","slug":"les-lupins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fr\/les-lupins\/","title":{"rendered":"Les lupins"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sultana Maria Valamoti<\/em><\/strong>, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contrairement \u00e0 d’autres cultures de l\u00e9gumineuses en Gr\u00e8ce, les lupins ne sont pas apparus avec les d\u00e9buts de l’agriculture dans la r\u00e9gion. Les fouilles n\u00e9olithiques n’ont pas mis au jour de vestiges de cette esp\u00e8ce ni dans les mill\u00e9naires suivants de l’\u00e2ge du bronze. Une d\u00e9couverte \u00e0 Akrotiri, sur l’\u00eele de Santorin, o\u00f9 le lupin est mentionn\u00e9 comme impuret\u00e9 dans un m\u00e9lange de graines de f\u00e8ves de Santorin, constitue une exception. Il s’agit donc d’une l\u00e9gumineuse qui s’est ajout\u00e9e beaucoup plus tard que d’autres, telles que la lentille et le gesse, au r\u00e9pertoire alimentaire des habitants de la Gr\u00e8ce antique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le lupin est mentionn\u00e9 dans la Gr\u00e8ce antique sous le nom de thermos. Ce mot appara\u00eet tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quemment dans les textes anciens, contrairement aux donn\u00e9es arch\u00e9obotaniques de la p\u00e9riode pr\u00e9historique. La plus ancienne r\u00e9f\u00e9rence appara\u00eet pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans les textes d\u2019Hippocrate (Ve\/IVe si\u00e8cle av. J.-C.), o\u00f9 il est mentionn\u00e9 que les lupins sont les l\u00e9gumineuses les moins nocives. Dans ces m\u00eames textes, il est indiqu\u00e9 que les lupins sont tonifiants et riches pour le corps, mais qu’apr\u00e8s transformation, ils deviennent plus l\u00e9gers et rafra\u00eechissants. Des extraits d’\u0153uvres comiques du IVe av. JC. sugg\u00e8rent que les lupins \u00e9taient un aliment courant et tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandu parmi les gens du peuple. Ses graines sont am\u00e8res et les textes anciens indiquent qu\u2019elles devaient \u00eatre tremp\u00e9es pour devenir sucr\u00e9es et comestibles, ce qui est tr\u00e8s \u00e9vocateur du philosophe ancien Z\u00e9non de Kition, au IV\/IIIe si\u00e8cle av. JC, qui comparait son \u00e9tat lorsqu\u2019il \u00e9tait ivre au trempage des lupins dans l\u2019eau car il \u00e9tait de nature aust\u00e8re avec tout le monde et ne s\u2019adoucissait que lorsqu’il buvait du vin. Une inscription du IIe si\u00e8cle av. JC. nous apprend qu\u2019il existait \u00e0 Ath\u00e8nes une loi r\u00e9glementant le commerce des lupins. \u00c0 Sparte, les lupins avaient un autre nom, comme le mentionne Pol\u00e9mon (IIIe\/IIe si\u00e8cle av. J.-C.). Ils \u00e9taient appel\u00e9s lysilaides. D\u2019ailleurs, dans un ouvrage de l\u2019historien Molbe, entre le IIe et Ier av. JC, les lupins sont associ\u00e9s \u00e0 Sparte et \u00e0 un banquet festif appel\u00e9 kopis, au cours duquel on distribuait entre autres des lupins aux convives. Le philosophe cynique Crat\u00e8s (IVe\/IIIe si\u00e8cle avant J.-C.) disait que sa conception de la libert\u00e9 \u00e9tait de pouvoir transporter quelques lupins sur lui et d’\u00eatre capable de se d\u00e9sint\u00e9resser de tout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On ne sait pas encore quand ni comment les lupins sont apparus dans l’alimentation des Grecs anciens. Les donn\u00e9es arch\u00e9obotaniques provenant de l’Acropole de Vergina en Mac\u00e9doine, dat\u00e9es entre le IIe et le Ier si\u00e8cle avant J.-C., r\u00e9v\u00e8lent la pr\u00e9sence de lupins carbonis\u00e9s non seulement dans le sud de la Gr\u00e8ce, mais aussi dans des r\u00e9gions plus au nord. Aujourd’hui, cependant, la culture et la consommation du lupin se font \u00e0 petite \u00e9chelle dans la r\u00e9gion du Magne, o\u00f9 les graines sont mises \u00e0 tremper dans des sacs plac\u00e9s dans la mer pendant plusieurs jours, puis cuites pour le je\u00fbne du Lundi pur et du Car\u00eame.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sultana Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Contrairement \u00e0 d’autres cultures de l\u00e9gumineuses en…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":14006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[759,5285],"tags":[1671,5365],"class_list":["post-14188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istoria-fr","category-saveurs-anciennes","tag-ellada-fr","tag-references-historiques"],"yoast_head":"\nLes lupins - Agriculture invers\u00e9e<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fr\/les-lupins\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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