{"id":13186,"date":"2025-06-16T09:10:29","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T09:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/main\/?p=13186"},"modified":"2025-12-23T07:55:30","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T07:55:30","slug":"fakopitsani-le-riz-des-grecs-anciens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fr\/fakopitsani-le-riz-des-grecs-anciens\/","title":{"rendered":"Fakopitsani, le riz des Grecs anciens"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon les mythes des anciens Grecs qui racontaient le passage de la cueillette \u00e0 l&rsquo;agriculture, la premi\u00e8re c\u00e9r\u00e9ale cultiv\u00e9e par l&rsquo;homme \u00e9tait l&rsquo;orge. Ingr\u00e9dient de base de l&rsquo;alimentation dans le monde grec antique, elle a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00eatre cultiv\u00e9e d\u00e8s le VIIe mill\u00e9naire avant J.-C., comme en t\u00e9moignent de nombreux grains carbonis\u00e9s trouv\u00e9s dans des sites arch\u00e9ologiques pr\u00e9historiques. Les textes des auteurs grecs anciens nous apprennent qu&rsquo;il existait une impressionnante vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de fa\u00e7ons de transformer l&rsquo;orge en plats, soit seul, soit li\u00e9 \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres ingr\u00e9dients tels que le lait, le miel et le vin. La <em>ptisani<\/em> \u00e9tait une fa\u00e7on tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue de consommer l&rsquo;orge, une sorte de grain d&rsquo;orge torr\u00e9fi\u00e9, d\u00e9cortiqu\u00e9 et bouilli. La <em>ptisani<\/em> \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue dans l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9 et Galien en donne une description d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de la mani\u00e8re traditionnelle et correcte de le pr\u00e9parer, \u00e0 feu doux, soulignant la perte de vitesse de la recette \u00e0 son \u00e9poque, o\u00f9 une version plus rapide avait pris le dessus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La culture de la lentille est tout aussi ancienne, mais cette relation s\u00e9culaire entre les habitants de la Gr\u00e8ce et cette plante n&rsquo;est pas refl\u00e9t\u00e9e dans les mythes. Tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent dans les gisements arch\u00e9ologiques du N\u00e9olithique et de l&rsquo;\u00e2ge du bronze en Gr\u00e8ce, elle est rest\u00e9e un aliment tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 tout au long de l&rsquo;histoire. La lentille \u00e9tait connue sous le nom de <em>fakos<\/em> dans la Gr\u00e8ce antique et la soupe \u00e0 base de graines de lentilles \u00e9tait appel\u00e9e <em>faki<\/em> dans l&rsquo;Antiquit\u00e9, tout comme dans la Gr\u00e8ce moderne. Outre la soupe, une version plus \u00e9paisse de la lentille cuite \u00e9tait le <em>fakinos etnos<\/em>, terme que l&rsquo;on trouve dans l&rsquo;ouvrage d&rsquo;Hippocrate \u00ab Du r\u00e9gime&nbsp;\u00bb et qui fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 une bouillie \u00e9paisse \u00e0 base de graines de lentilles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La combinaison d&rsquo;une c\u00e9r\u00e9ale et d&rsquo;une l\u00e9gumineuse dans l&rsquo;alimentation humaine constitue une excellente pratique nutritionnelle. Il semble donc que cette association d&rsquo;un composant v\u00e9g\u00e9tal riche en amidon et d&rsquo;un composant riche en prot\u00e9ines dans un plat soit aussi ancienne que le texte de l&rsquo;ancien m\u00e9decin Galien, auteur du IIe si\u00e8cle av. J.-C. qui mentionne la <em>fakoptisani<\/em> dans son ouvrage Sur les facult\u00e9s des aliments, o\u00f9 il discute, entre autres, de la <em>ptisani<\/em> et de ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Certaines combinaisons d&rsquo;ingr\u00e9dients semblent avoir travers\u00e9 le temps. Dans le cas de la <em>fakoptisani<\/em>, si l&rsquo;on remplace l&rsquo;orge par du riz, cette recette peut se vanter d&rsquo;avoir au moins 23 si\u00e8cles, renouant ainsi avec le go\u00fbt de l&rsquo;ancienne <em>fakoptisani<\/em> grecque, une recette ancestrale et tr\u00e8s nutritive. Compte tenu de l&rsquo;excellente valeur nutritionnelle de l&rsquo;orge, il vaut la peine d&rsquo;exp\u00e9rimenter aujourd&rsquo;hui la combinaison culinaire de l&rsquo;orge et des lentilles, en rempla\u00e7ant le riz par de l&rsquo;orge dans le <em>fakoryzo<\/em> (riz aux lentilles) actuel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Image 1. Graines d&rsquo;orge (\u00e0 gauche), d\u00e9cortiqu\u00e9es, et graines de lentilles (\u00e0 droite). Photo S.M. Valamoti, avril 2025.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Selon les mythes des anciens Grecs qui racontaient&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":11479,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[759,5285],"tags":[3163,1671,3162],"class_list":["post-13186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istoria-fr","category-saveurs-anciennes","tag-gastronomie","tag-ellada-fr","tag-istoria-fr"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Fakopitsani, le riz des Grecs anciens - Agriculture invers\u00e9e<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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