{"id":17023,"date":"2025-12-09T10:16:43","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T10:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=17023"},"modified":"2026-01-07T11:07:49","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T11:07:49","slug":"kala-ja-ayriaiset-kala-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fi\/kala-ja-ayriaiset-kala-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Kala ja \u00e4yri\u00e4iset \u2013 Kala 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koska Kreikka on meren ymp\u00e4r\u00f6im\u00e4, ei ole lainkaan yll\u00e4tt\u00e4v\u00e4\u00e4, ett\u00e4 merenel\u00e4vi\u00e4 on l\u00f6ydetty usein jo 9. ja 8. vuosituhannelta eKr. per\u00e4isin olevien ihmisasutusten arkeologisista kerrostumista, eli jo ennen kuin viljely- ja paimentolaiskyli\u00e4 on muodostunut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muinaisesta Kreikasta l\u00f6ytyy paljon viittauksia kalansy\u00f6ntiin. Teksteiss\u00e4 on esimerkiksi mainittu eri kalalajikkeita, kalastustekniikoita, saaliiden pyyntipaikkoja, pyyt\u00e4mismenetelmi\u00e4, k\u00e4ytt\u00f6tapoja ja jopa varsinaisia reseptej\u00e4. Antiikin aikana k\u00e4ytettyj\u00e4 kaloja kuvataan el\u00e4v\u00e4sti Arkhestratoksen teoksessa Hedypatheia (300-luvulla eKr.), jossa h\u00e4n suosittelee antiikin aikaisten j\u00e4rvien ja merien kaloja. H\u00e4n mainitsee muun muassa Kopais-j\u00e4rven ja Strymon-joen ankeriaat, Abderan keltit, Rodoksen piikkihaikalat sek\u00e4 Deloksen ja Eretrian kultaotsa-ahvenet. Kuten Athenaios toteaa Deipnosofistai-teoksessaan (100\u2013200-luvuilla jKr.) erilaisista kaloista k\u00e4ytetyist\u00e4 termeist\u00e4, joitakin lajeja on vaikea tunnistaa tarkasti. Esimerkiksi yleistermi galeoi<\/em> sis\u00e4lt\u00e4\u00e4 lajeja, joilla on erilaisia ominaisuuksia. N\u00e4in kertovat Aristoteles (300-luvulla eKr.) ja Dorian kaloja k\u00e4sittelev\u00e4ss\u00e4 teoksessaan On Fish. Termit n\u00e4ytt\u00e4v\u00e4t vaihtelevan my\u00f6s suhteessa niiden tarkoittamiin lajeihin antiikin ajan ja alueen mukaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Kuva 1.1.a<\/strong> Tuoretta kalaa Thessalonikin kalamarkkinoilla, lokakuu 2025. Kuva: S.M. Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Karcharias<\/em> (hai) -nimell\u00e4 kutsutulle saaliskalalle Arkhestratos (300-luvulla eKr.) antaa \u201dtaivaallisen\u201d reseptin, jossa k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n kyseisen lajikkeen vatsafileet\u00e4. Sit\u00e4 pystyi ostamaan toronilaisten kaupungista, joka sijaitsee Chalkidikiss\u00e4 ja nyky\u00e4\u00e4n tunnetaan nimell\u00e4 Toroni. Arkhestratos toteaa, ett\u00e4 kun kaikki karchariaksen<\/em> palat on maustettu kuminalla, ne tulee kypsent\u00e4\u00e4 ilman runsasta suolaa, ja muina ainesosina k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n vain oliivi\u00f6ljy\u00e4. Kun kala on valmista, Arkhestratoksen reseptiss\u00e4 sen p\u00e4\u00e4lle ripotellaan trimmationia<\/em>, eli pieni m\u00e4\u00e4r\u00e4 trimmaa, joka on jauhetuista viljoista ja mausteista valmistettu aromaattinen neste. Kala tulee kypsent\u00e4\u00e4 lopasin<\/em> \u2013 padan tai pannun \u2013 koveralla puolella. Lis\u00e4ksi h\u00e4n mainitsee, ett\u00e4 siihen ei lis\u00e4t\u00e4 vett\u00e4 eik\u00e4 viinietikkaa, vaan vain kuminaa, \u00f6ljy\u00e4 ja tuoksuvia lehti\u00e4. Itse kypsennyksest\u00e4 h\u00e4n toteaa, ett\u00e4 kalaa tulee paahtaa ilman, ett\u00e4 se tuodaan liian l\u00e4helle hiilloksen liekkej\u00e4. Kalaa t\u00e4ytyy my\u00f6s k\u00e4\u00e4nnell\u00e4 jatkuvasti, jotta se ei pala tai k\u00e4rvenny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Kuva 1.1.b<\/strong> Sardiineja Thessalonikin kalamarkkinoilla, lokakuu 2025. Kuva: S.M. Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4m\u00e4 resepti osoittaa, kuinka huolellisesti antiikin Kreikan haute cuisine -ruoanlaitossa k\u00e4ytettiin poikkeuksellisia raaka-aineita ja syv\u00e4llist\u00e4 tietoa tekniikoista, joiden avulla kalasaalis voitiin muuttaa herkulliseksi ruoaksi. Kuten antiikin aikoina, my\u00f6s nykyisin suuret kalat ovat kalliita, ja usein ne ovatkin juhla-aterian keskipisteen\u00e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e4hdeluettelo<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osa edell\u00e4 esitetyist\u00e4 tiedoista on per\u00e4isin seuraavista l\u00e4hteist\u00e4:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dalby, A.E. W. 1996. Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in Greece<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mylona, Dimitra (2007) Fish-eating in Greece from the fifth century BC to the seventh century AD : a story of impoverished fisherman or luxurious fish banquets? Southamptonin yliopisto<\/em>, <\/em>tohtorin v\u00e4it\u00f6skirja<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Veropoulidou, Rena 2014. \u038c\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 (Aspects of Neolithic and Bronze Age diet and material culture in central Macedonia: the evidence from shell analyses). Teoksessa E. Stefani, N. Merousis, A. Dimoula (toim.), A century of research in prehistoric Macedonia. International Conference Proceedings. Thessalonikin arkeologinen museo, 22.\u201324. marraskuuta 2012<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ja<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theodoropoulou, T. (2023). Same sea, different catches. Exploring ecological variations vs. Human choices in prehistoric Mediterranean: The Aegean case. PALEO. Revue d’arch\u00e9ologie pr\u00e9historique<\/em>, (Hors-s\u00e9rie), 176-194.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Koska Kreikka on meren ymp\u00e4r\u00f6im\u00e4, ei ole lainkaan…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":17004,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[758,5284],"tags":[5364,1653],"class_list":["post-17023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istoria-fi","category-muinaiset-maut","tag-historialliset-viitteet","tag-ellada-fi"],"yoast_head":"\nKala ja \u00e4yri\u00e4iset \u2013 Kala 1 - K\u00e4\u00e4nteinen maatalous<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fi\/kala-ja-ayriaiset-kala-1\/\" \/>\n<meta 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