{"id":14186,"date":"2025-07-23T15:02:41","date_gmt":"2025-07-23T15:02:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=14186"},"modified":"2025-12-22T19:53:47","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T19:53:47","slug":"lupiinit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fi\/lupiinit\/","title":{"rendered":"Lupiinit"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti<\/em><\/strong>, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toisin kuin muut palkokasvit, lupiinit eiv\u00e4t ole olleet osa Kreikan viljelykulttuuria sen alkuajoista l\u00e4htien. Neoliittisten alueiden arkeologisissa kaivauksissa ei ole n\u00e4hty todisteita lupiineista, eik\u00e4 niit\u00e4 ole my\u00f6sk\u00e4\u00e4n l\u00f6ydetty t\u00e4t\u00e4 seuranneen noin tuhat vuotta kest\u00e4neen pronssikauden ajalta. Poikkeuksena on Akrotirin l\u00f6yd\u00f6s Santorinin saarella, jossa lupiineja l\u00f6ytyi sekoitettuna santorinilaisiin h\u00e4rk\u00e4papuihin. N\u00e4in ollen lupiinit eiv\u00e4t liittyneet linssin ja Lathyrus clymenumin<\/em> kaltaisten palkokasvien joukkoon antiikin Kreikan viljelykulttuurissa ennen kuin paljon my\u00f6hemmin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antiikin kreikkalaiset kutsuivat lupiinia nimell\u00e4 thermos<\/em>. Sana esiintyy usein antiikin teksteiss\u00e4, mik\u00e4 on ristiriidassa sen kanssa, ett\u00e4 arkeobotanisia lupiinil\u00f6yd\u00f6ksi\u00e4 on esihistorialliselta ajalta vain v\u00e4h\u00e4n. Varhaisin viite l\u00f6ytyy Corpus Hippocraticumista (500\u2013400 eKr.), jossa lupiineja kuvataan palkokasveista v\u00e4hiten haitallisiksi. Samat tekstit v\u00e4itt\u00e4v\u00e4t, ett\u00e4 lupiinit voimaannuttavat ja l\u00e4mmitt\u00e4v\u00e4t kehoa, mutta niist\u00e4 voidaan tehd\u00e4 kevytt\u00e4 ja raikastavaa ruokaa prosessoimalla. 400-luvulta eKr. per\u00e4isin olevan komedian otteiden mukaan lupiinit olivat suosittu ruoka ihmisten keskuudessa. Kasvin siementen erityisen katkeran maun vuoksi antiikin teksteiss\u00e4 ne kehotettiin liottamaan, jotta niist\u00e4 saatiin makeita ja sy\u00f6miskelpoisia. V\u00e4rikk\u00e4immin t\u00e4t\u00e4 prosessia kuvailee 300\u2013400-luvulla eKr. kirjoittanut stoalaisfilosofi Zenon Kitionilainen, joka vertasi humaltunutta k\u00e4yt\u00f6st\u00e4\u00e4n katkeriin lupiininsiemeniin: ne pehmenev\u00e4t, kun niit\u00e4 liotetaan vedess\u00e4, kuten h\u00e4nenkin tuikea luonteensa usein pehmeni vain silloin, kun h\u00e4n joi viini\u00e4. 200-luvulta eKr. per\u00e4isin olevan kaiverruksen mukaan lupiinit olivat Ateenassa kauppas\u00e4\u00e4ntelyn alaista tavaraa. Polemonin (300\u2013200-luku eKr.) mukaan Spartassa kasvi tunnettiin nimell\u00e4 lysilaides<\/em>. Historioitsija Molpiksen 200\u2013100-luvulla eKr. kirjoittamassa teoksessa mainitaan lupiinit spartalaisen kopis-juhlaillallisen yhteydess\u00e4: muiden ruokien ohella illallistajat p\u00e4\u00e4siv\u00e4t maistelemaan my\u00f6s lupiinia. Kyynisen filosofi Kratiksen (n. 400\u2013300-luvulla eKr.) mukaan vapaus oli kyky\u00e4 kantaa kourallista lupiineja mukanaan ja olla v\u00e4linpit\u00e4m\u00e4t\u00f6n kaikkea kohtaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaikesta t\u00e4st\u00e4 huolimatta ei tiedet\u00e4 varmasti, milloin lupiinit tulivat osaksi antiikin Kreikan ruokavaliota. Makedonian alueella sijaitsevalla Verginan Akropoliksella tehdyss\u00e4 arkeobotanisessa tutkimuksessa t\u00e4st\u00e4 n. 200\u2013100-luvulta per\u00e4isin olevasta kaupungista on l\u00f6ydetty hiiltyneit\u00e4 lupiineja, mik\u00e4 on osoitus niiden levi\u00e4misest\u00e4 sek\u00e4 Pohjois- ett\u00e4 Etel\u00e4-Kreikkaan. Nykyp\u00e4iv\u00e4n\u00e4 lupiineja viljell\u00e4\u00e4n melko pieness\u00e4 mittakaavassa Manissa, jossa ne varastoidaan s\u00e4kkeihin ja liotetaan vedess\u00e4 useita p\u00e4ivi\u00e4 katkeran maun poistamiseksi. Lupiineja sy\u00f6d\u00e4\u00e4n usein paaston aikana, erityisesti paaston aloittavana maanantaina.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Toisin kuin muut palkokasvit, lupiinit eiv\u00e4t ole olleet…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":14005,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[758,5284],"tags":[5364,1653],"class_list":["post-14186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istoria-fi","category-muinaiset-maut","tag-historialliset-viitteet","tag-ellada-fi"],"yoast_head":"\nLupiinit - K\u00e4\u00e4nteinen maatalous<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fi\/lupiinit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fi_FI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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