{"id":13228,"date":"2025-06-16T10:09:58","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T10:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/main\/?p=13228"},"modified":"2025-12-23T10:35:02","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T10:35:02","slug":"lathouri-salaatti-kreetan-kamplies-tai-papoules","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fi\/lathouri-salaatti-kreetan-kamplies-tai-papoules\/","title":{"rendered":"Pelton\u00e4tkelm\u00e4-fava"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lathyrus sativuksen<\/em> hiiltyneit\u00e4 siemeni\u00e4 Kozanissa sijaitsevan Toumba Kremastis Koiladaksen neoliittisen kauden asutuskeskuksesta. (Kuva: S.M. Valamoti, teoksesta Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual study, Valamoti, Fyntikoglou, Symponis 2022, University Studio Press)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lathyrus<\/em>-sukua, joka tunnetaan nimell\u00e4 n\u00e4tkelm\u00e4, edustavat Kreikassa useat eri lajit. Joitakin niist\u00e4 on viljelty alueella tuhansien vuosien ajan. Onkin vakuuttavasti esitetty, ett\u00e4 Egeanmeren alueella viljelty Lathyrus<\/em>-lajike edustaa alueen osuutta ihmisten seitsem\u00e4nnelt\u00e4 vuosituhannelta eKr. l\u00e4htien jalostamien viljelykasvien valikoimasta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arkeobotaniset l\u00f6yd\u00f6kset ovat osoittaneet, ett\u00e4 yht\u00e4 n\u00e4ist\u00e4 lajeista, Lathyrus sativusta<\/em>, kauniin sinikukkaista pelton\u00e4tkelm\u00e4\u00e4, on viljelty alueella neoliittisen kauden varhaisajoista l\u00e4htien. T\u00e4m\u00e4n lajikkeen hiiltyneit\u00e4 siemeni\u00e4 on l\u00f6ytynyt Makedonian neoliittisen kauden asumuksista \u2013 esimerkiksi Serviasta ja Dikili Tashista \u2013 sek\u00e4 etel\u00e4isest\u00e4 Kreikasta, kuten Mykonoksella sijaitsevasta Fteliasta. Pronssikaudella Egeanmerell\u00e4 viljeltiin kahta muutakin n\u00e4tkelm\u00e4lajiketta: Lathyrus ochrusta<\/em>, joka tunnetaan nimell\u00e4 afkos Limnoksen saarella, ja Lathyrus clymenumia<\/em>, joka tunnetaan nykyisin Santorinin favana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muinaisissa kreikkalaisissa teksteiss\u00e4 mainitaan termi lathyros<\/em>, mutta niiden kuvausten perusteella ei ole t\u00e4ysin varmaa, mihin Kreikassa viljeltyihin Lathyrus-lajikkeisiin sana viittaa \u2013 pelton\u00e4tkelm\u00e4\u00e4n (Lathyrus sativus<\/em>), Limnoksen afkokseen (Lathyrus ochrus<\/em>) vai Santorinin favaan (Lathyrus clymenum<\/em>). Vaikka onkin vakuuttavasti v\u00e4itetty, ett\u00e4 termi ochros<\/em> vastaa Lathyrus ochrusta<\/em>, on vaikea yhdist\u00e4\u00e4 muinaisia kreikkalaisia termej\u00e4 lathyros<\/em>, arakos<\/em> ja aphaki<\/em> tiettyihin kasvilajikkeisiin. Voidaan olettaa, ett\u00e4 muinainen lathyros<\/em> vastaa nykyist\u00e4 L. sativus<\/em> -lajiketta ja arakos<\/em> Santorinin favaa (L. clymenum<\/em>) \u2013 varsinkin, koska santorinilaista lajiketta kutsutaan paikallisesti edelleen nimell\u00e4 arakas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Joka tapauksessa muinaisissa l\u00e4hteiss\u00e4 valotetaan t\u00e4m\u00e4n palkokasviryhm\u00e4n keskeist\u00e4 n\u00e4k\u00f6kohtaa: palkokasvit keitettiin paksuksi keltaiseksi soseeksi, jota kutsuttiin nimell\u00e4 lekithodes etnos<\/em>, munankeltuaisen v\u00e4rinen sose. V\u00e4rin ja rakenteen on yhdist\u00e4nyt 300-luvulla eKr. el\u00e4nyt kirjailija Fainias, joka antaa arakoksen<\/em> esimerkkin\u00e4 t\u00e4ll\u00e4 tavalla valmistetusta palkokasvista. T\u00e4m\u00e4 muinaisissa teksteiss\u00e4 kuvattu kellert\u00e4v\u00e4 sose vastaa l\u00e4hes varmasti sit\u00e4, mit\u00e4 nykyisin kutsumme favaksi. Valmistusmenetelm\u00e4 on s\u00e4ilynyt Kreikassa nykyp\u00e4iviin saakka, ja sit\u00e4 k\u00e4ytet\u00e4\u00e4n kaikille kolmelle viljellylle Lathyrus<\/em>-lajikkeelle. T\u00e4m\u00e4 ruokalaji on muinainen kunnianosoitus Kreikan kulttuuriperinn\u00f6lle, sill\u00e4 sen juuret ulottuvat esihistoriaan saakka. Tehd\u00e4\u00e4np\u00e4 se sitten Limnoksen afkoksesta, Santorinin favasta tai Limnoksen, Korfun tai Livadian lathyrista, kolmea kreikkalaista n\u00e4tkelm\u00e4lajiketta yhdist\u00e4v\u00e4 tekij\u00e4 on sirkkalehtien keltainen v\u00e4ri, joka paljastuu, kun siemen halkaistaan ja ulkokuori poistetaan. Paksuksi soseeksi keitettyn\u00e4, sek\u00e4 nykyisin ett\u00e4 2 900 vuotta sitten Fainiaksen aikaan, kreikkalaisilla n\u00e4tkelmill\u00e4 on aina ollut t\u00e4m\u00e4n muinaisen kirjailijan esiin tuoma kellert\u00e4v\u00e4 s\u00e4vy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Latryrus sativuksen<\/em>, joka tunnetaan yleisesti nimell\u00e4 lathyri, sininen kukka \u2013 mahdollisesti antiikin aikojen lathyros. (Kuva: S.M. Valamoti, teoksesta Food Crops in Ancient Greek Cuisine: an archaeobotanical and textual study, Valamoti, Fyntikoglou, Symponis 2022, University Studio Press)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lathyrus sativuksen hiiltyneit\u00e4 siemeni\u00e4 Kozanissa sijaitsevan Toumba Kremastis Koiladaksen neoliittisen kauden asutuskeskuksesta. (Kuva: S.M. Valamoti, teoksesta Food Crops in Ancient…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":11527,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[758,5284],"tags":[3160,3159,1653,5321],"class_list":["post-13228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istoria-fi","category-muinaiset-maut","tag-gastronomia-fi","tag-istoria-fi","tag-ellada-fi","tag-ruokakulttuuri"],"yoast_head":"\nPelton\u00e4tkelm\u00e4-fava - K\u00e4\u00e4nteinen maatalous<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/fi\/lathouri-salaatti-kreetan-kamplies-tai-papoules\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fi_FI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pelton\u00e4tkelm\u00e4-fava - K\u00e4\u00e4nteinen maatalous\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lathyrus sativuksen hiiltyneit\u00e4 siemeni\u00e4 Kozanissa sijaitsevan Toumba Kremastis Koiladaksen neoliittisen kauden asutuskeskuksesta. 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