{"id":18674,"date":"2025-10-15T11:02:17","date_gmt":"2025-10-15T11:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=18674"},"modified":"2026-01-09T12:56:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T12:56:44","slug":"essig-in-unserer-kueche","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/de\/essig-in-unserer-kueche\/","title":{"rendered":"Essig in unserer K\u00fcche"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Abbildung\u00a01. Trauben, Korfu, Juli 2021. Foto von S. M. Valamoti<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Der Saft der Weintraube wird \u2013 wie der Name der Frucht schon andeutet \u2013 haupts\u00e4chlich mit Wein in Verbindung gebracht, findet jedoch in vielerlei Form Verwendung, beispielsweise auch als Most, Petimezi oder Essig. Bei arch\u00e4ologischen Funden, die als Gef\u00e4\u00dfe zur Lagerung eines fl\u00fcssigen Produkts aus Trauben dienten, l\u00e4sst sich meist nicht sagen, ob ihr Inhalt Most, Wein oder Essig war, denn alle drei hinterlassen \u00e4hnliche chemische Spuren auf dem Keramikgef\u00e4\u00df.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jedoch k\u00f6nnen uns die antiken Texte als entscheidende Erg\u00e4nzung arch\u00e4ologischer Funde dienen. Das Wort <em>\u03cc\u03be\u03bf\u03c2<\/em> taucht im 7. Jahrhundert v. Chr. in einem Ausschnitt eines Werks des Lyrikers und Staatsmanns Solon auf \u2013 und zwar als eine der Zutaten, die zusammen mit Silphium mithilfe eines M\u00f6rsers zu einer Mixtur verarbeitet wurden. Die gemeinsame Verwendung von Essig und Silphium (einer uns heute unbekannten Pflanzenart, die aufgrund des menschlichen \u00dcberverbrauchs bereits in der Antike ausstarb) wird auch in anderen Texten erw\u00e4hnt:&nbsp; In Aristophanes\u2019 <em>Die V\u00f6gel<\/em> (5.\u20134. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) lesen wir, dass Essig zusammen mit anderen Zutaten wie \u00d6l, K\u00e4se und Silphium zu einer Art Sauce vermischt wurde, die neben einer weiteren s\u00fc\u00dfen und dickfl\u00fcssigen Sauce zu gebratenem Gefl\u00fcgel gereicht wurde. Ein Ausschnitt eines Werks des Kom\u00f6diendichters Alexis (4. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) enth\u00e4lt ein Rezept, bei dem geriebener Oregano in eine Sch\u00fcssel (<em>\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03c2<\/em>) gegeben und mit Essig verd\u00fcnnt wird; anschlie\u00dfend wird mit Petimezi (<em>\u03c3\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u1ff3<\/em>) Farbe hinzugef\u00fcgt und die Mischung mit reichlich Silphium verr\u00fchrt. Auch Archestratos (4. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) erw\u00e4hnt eine \u201eDelikatesse\u201d aus dem Bauch und der Geb\u00e4rmutter des Schweins, mariniert in Kreuzk\u00fcmmel, starkem Essig (<em>\u1f44\u03be\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03cd<\/em>) und Silphium. Nicht zuletzt wurden Essig und Salz auch zur Konservierung von Fleisch verwendet, wie wir aus Hippokrates\u2019 Werk <em>\u00dcber die Leiden<\/em> erfahren, der auf diese Weise konserviertes Fleisch f\u00fcr leichter h\u00e4lt als frisches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essig war also ein allt\u00e4gliches Gebrauchsgut, sodass es nicht verwundert, dass Aischylos ihn in seinem Werk <em>Agamemnon<\/em> (5. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) in einem lebhaften Vergleich erw\u00e4hnt: Klytaimnestra stellt sich das Durcheinander der Stimmen der Besiegten und Sieger im eroberten Troja vor und vergleicht es mit einem Gef\u00e4\u00df, in das \u00d6l und Essig gegeben wurden.&nbsp; In einer Metapher wird das Wort auch von Aristophanes in seinem Werk <em>Die Wespen<\/em> verwendet, wo von einer \u201esauren Klage\u201d die Rede ist \u2013 also einer Klage, die f\u00fcr den Betroffenen so sauer sein w\u00fcrde wie Essig. Bei Aristophanes finden sich zudem die Begriffe <em>\u1f40\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03ac<\/em> f\u00fcr \u201esaure Speisen\u201c sowie <em>\u1f40\u03be\u03af\u03c2<\/em> f\u00fcr ein spezielles Gef\u00e4\u00df, in das Essig gef\u00fcllt wurde (<em>Der Reichtum<\/em>, <em>Die Fr\u00f6sche<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essig wurde aus Traubenwein hergestellt und es finden sich mehrere Hinweise auf <em>\u03bf\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03be\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03bd<\/em>, d. h. sauren Wein, der auf nat\u00fcrliche Weise durch Essigg\u00e4rung entstanden ist, zum Beispiel bei Theophrastos (4.\u20133. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) in seinem Werk <em>\u00dcber die Geschichte der Pflanzen<\/em>. In einem sp\u00e4teren Text nimmt auch Alexander von Aphrodisias auf Essig aus Wein Bezug. Neben Weinessig verweisen antike Texte auch auf Essig aus Datteln, der in Asien verwendet wurde, wie wir in Xenophons Werk <em>Anabasis<\/em> (5. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) lesen k\u00f6nnen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Auch heute ist Essig ein wichtiger Bestandteil von Rezepten wie dem Sofrito aus Korfu und dem Stifado. Er ist unverzichtbar f\u00fcr die Konservierung von Oliven, Kapern, Zwiebeln und Meerfenchel sowie in Saucen und Dressings f\u00fcr Salate, in denen er oft mit Honig oder Petimezi sowie Kr\u00e4utern kombiniert wird, um den \u00fcbrigen Zutaten W\u00fcrze zu verleihen \u2013 \u00e4hnlich wie man es im antiken Griechenland tat.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abbildung\u00a01. Trauben, Korfu, Juli 2021. Foto von S. M. Valamoti Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15205,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5286,760],"tags":[1683,5366],"class_list":["post-18674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antike-geschmaecker","category-istoria-de","tag-ellada-de","tag-historische-quellen"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Essig in unserer K\u00fcche - Umgekehrte Landwirtschaft<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/de\/essig-in-unserer-kueche\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Essig in unserer K\u00fcche - Umgekehrte Landwirtschaft\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Abbildung\u00a01. 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