{"id":16838,"date":"2025-12-08T10:16:10","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T10:16:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/?p=16838"},"modified":"2026-01-07T11:18:31","modified_gmt":"2026-01-07T11:18:31","slug":"die-fische-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/de\/die-fische-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Die Fische\u00a02"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Soultana-Maria Valamoti<\/strong>, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki<\/em><\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bereits im Mesolithikum Griechenlands, noch lange vor dem Aufkommen von Ackerbau und Viehzucht, die die Nahrungsbeschaffung der Bewohner der Region ver\u00e4nderten, scheint das Meer einen beeindruckenden Reichtum an Nahrungsmitteln, Fischen und Weichtieren geliefert zu haben. An arch\u00e4ologischen St\u00e4tten wie der Franchthi-H\u00f6hle in der Argolis und der Zyklopenh\u00f6hle in Gioura auf Alonissos wurden zahlreiche Thunfischknochen gefunden. In der Zyklopenh\u00f6hle belegen zooarch\u00e4ologische Funde neben Thunfisch auch den Fang einer Vielzahl anderer Fische wie Drachenkopf, Dorade, Wolfsbarsch, Makrele und andere. Die Ausgrabungen dort brachten zudem viele Knochenhaken aus dem Mesolithikum hervor. Obwohl dies in arch\u00e4ologischen Funden weniger deutlich erkennbar ist, spielte die Nutzung mariner Nahrungsmittel in K\u00fcstenregionen eine wichtige Rolle. Eine gro\u00dfe Vielfalt an Fischen ist in den zooarch\u00e4ologischen Funden des Neolithikums (7.\u20134. Jahrtausend v. Chr.) und der Bronzezeit (4.\u20132. Jahrtausend v. Chr.) sowie in den darauffolgenden historischen Jahren nachgewiesen, mit einer gro\u00dfen Bandbreite an F\u00e4ngen aus Meer und S\u00fc\u00dfwasser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Abbildung 2.1.a. In \u00d6l eingelegter Fisch, Thessaloniki 2025. Foto von S. M. Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Aus antiken Texten geht hervor, dass Fisch den wohlhabenden Gesellschaftsschichten vorbehalten war. Dies l\u00e4sst sich beispielsweise in den Werken des Kom\u00f6diendichters Alexis (4.\u20133. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) erkennen, den Athenaios zitiert. In einem Werk wird tats\u00e4chlich erw\u00e4hnt, dass jemand, der arm ist und dennoch Fisch kauft, wohl in der Nacht andere bestohlen hat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Einige Fische waren in der Antike ber\u00fchmt und werden in altgriechischen Texten h\u00e4ufig erw\u00e4hnt. Ein Beispiel hierf\u00fcr sind Aale, die bereits von Homer in der Ilias<\/em> erw\u00e4hnt werden. Archestratos (4. Jahrhundert v. Chr.) preist alle Aale als Delikatesse, wobei er jene hervorhebt, die in der Stra\u00dfe von Rhegium bei Messina in S\u00fcditalien gefangen wurden, und er gibt an, dass er sowohl die Aale aus dem See Kopa\u00efs in B\u00f6otien als auch die aus dem Strymonas in Mazedonien sch\u00e4tzt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Abbildung 2.1.b. In Salz eingelegter Fisch, Thessaloniki 2025. Foto von S. M. Valamoti<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Neben gro\u00dfen Fischen finden sich zahlreiche kleine Fische, z. B. Atherini<\/em>, Sardinen<\/em>, Aphii<\/em> (ein Begriff f\u00fcr kleine Schaumfische) und viele mehr. Diese kleinen Fische, die in der Gegend um Faliron in Attika h\u00e4ufig vorkamen, scheinen kurzzeitig bei sehr hoher Hitze ger\u00f6stet worden zu sein, vor allem die der Art Aphii. Hinweise auf kleine Fische sind in der altgriechischen Literatur des 5. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. h\u00e4ufig.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ein g\u00e4ngiges Verfahren zur Konservierung von Fisch war das Salzen. Offenbar wurde eingesalzener Fisch auch importiert, wie uns der Kom\u00f6diendichter Alexis aus dem 4.\u20133. Jahrhundert v. Chr. berichtet (nach Angaben des Athenaios), und diese T\u00e4tigkeit war so bedeutend, dass die S\u00f6hne eines Importeurs solcher Fische die Ehre erhielten, Athener B\u00fcrger zu werden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Die Vielfalt von Fisch im antiken Griechenland und ihres Verzehrs sowie viele der Fischnamen leben bis heute fort, ebenso wie die alte Tradition, dass Fisch, insbesondere gro\u00dfe Exemplare, eine teure Delikatesse war.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Literatur<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ein Teil der Informationen ist aus den folgenden Texten entnommen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dalby, A.E. W. 1996. Siren Feasts: A History of Food and Gastronomy in Greece<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mylona, Dimitra (2007) Fish-eating in Greece from the fifth century B.C. to the seventh century A.D. : a story of impoverished fisherman or luxurious fish banquets? University of Southampton<\/em>, <\/em>Doktorarbeit<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rena Veropoulidou 2014. \u038c\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u039c\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b1. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 (Aspekte der Ern\u00e4hrung und materiellen Kultur im Neolithikum und der Bronzezeit in Zentralmakedonien: Erkenntnisse aus Muschelanalysen). Im Band E. Stefani, N. Merousis, A. Dimoula (Hrsg.), A century of research in prehistoric Macedonia. International Conference Proceedings. Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki, 22\u201324 November 2012<\/p>\n\n\n\n

und<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theodoropoulou, T. (2023). Same sea, different catches. Exploring ecological variations vs. Human choices in prehistoric Mediterranean: The Aegean case. PALEO. Revue d\u2019arch\u00e9ologie pr\u00e9historique<\/em>, (Sonderausgabe), 176\u2013194.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Soultana-Maria Valamoti, Professor, School of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Bereits im Mesolithikum Griechenlands, noch lange vor dem…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16815,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_video_id":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5286,760],"tags":[1683,5366],"class_list":["post-16838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antike-geschmaecker","category-istoria-de","tag-ellada-de","tag-historische-quellen"],"yoast_head":"\nDie Fische\u00a02 - Umgekehrte Landwirtschaft<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.greekfarms.gov.gr\/de\/die-fische-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta 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